I believe the theme which best reflects the ideals of Modernist writers is D. even though change may be painful, it is inevitable.
Modernist writers were writing under the influence of the WWI, which means they were really pessimistic about life in general, which also means that A, B, and C are incorrect because they have a rather positive outlook on life. D doesn't - it talks about painful, but necessary changes, and not always for the better.
