There are 36 outcomes when rolling a pair of dice.
The ones adding up to 8 are: (2,6),(3,5),(4,4),(5,3),(6,2).
So the probability of rolling a sum of 8 is 5/36.
With three (independent) random throws, the probability of having a sum of 8 at least once equals 1-probability of no 8 at all.
P(not 8)=1-5/36=31/36
For this to happen three times, we use the multiplication rule
P(not 8 three times)=(31/36)^3=29791/46656=
Therefore
P(sum of 8 at least once)=1-29791/46656=16865/46656
[=0.3615 approx.]
