Allen Dulles
The director of the CIA under Eisenhower,
who advocated extensive use of covert operations. Most
notable among Dulles initiatives were U.S.-sponsored coups in Iran in 1953 and Guatemala in 1954,
which installed pro-American governments in order to curb potential
expansion of Communism. Although Eisenhower favored such covert
operations because they were relatively low-cost and attracted little attention,
the coups in Iran and Guatemala proved rather transparent and caused
international anger toward the United States.
