So when building a protein, the DNA needs to go through two processes called transcription and translation. First, the DNA spits apart in the cell at the point where the certain base pairs to code for that certain protein are needed. The DNA strand spits in half, and copies the bases that are needed to make the protein. This is called transcription. Make sure to remember, that the copy is not still DNA, but RNA. And, remember that the copy does not have thymine, but is replaced by uracil. Uracil moves in the place of thymine and attaches to Adenine. The third thing to remember is that the RNA is not a copy, but the opposite bases. So, if there is Cytosine on the DNA, in its place on the RNA is Guanine, and so on and so forth.
Then, this RNA, also known as Messenger RNA because it is sending the instructions to the ribosomes, goes to the ribosome and the bases are read by the ribosome. The ribosome reads the bases in triples, three at a time, because each three bases make a certain amino acid. Once all the bases are read by the ribosome, the ribosome creates the amino acids based on the RNA bases. Then, these different amino acids combine together to make a protein.
