Question

1. You watch water falling from the top of a waterfall to the bottom. How would you characterize this physical phenomenon in terms of spontaneity? What if you wanted to move the water from the bottom of the falls to the top—how would you characterize that reaction?

Answer 1

Answer:

Water falling from the top of the fall to the bottom is a spontaneous process. Raising water from the bottom to the top of the waterfall is a non-spontaneous process.

Explanation:

Water falling from the top of the fall to the bottom is a spontaneous process. The Earth’s gravity is pulling every object to the centre of the Earth. So it is difficult to overcome Earth’s centre of gravity and raise the water from the bottom to the top of the fall. Raising water from the bottom to the top of the waterfall is a non-spontaneous process.

Answer 2

The way I would characterize this physical phenomenon in terms of spontaneity is:

• It is a spontaneous process

The best way to characterize the reaction of water from the bottom of the falls to the top is:

• Non spontaneous process

What is a Spontaneous Process?

This refers to the random process which occurs when there is no external influence to the movement of matter in a given system.

With this in mind, we can see that water from the top to bottom is a spontaneous process because of gravity while the movement of water from the bottom to the top is non spontaneous because it needs external influence to move it.

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