the original price of the shoes was "x", which is the 100% price of the pair of shoes, but you arrived at the store when the 20% sale was going on, so you've got them for 100-20%, which we know is $24, but how much is "x" then?
well [tex]\bf \begin{array}{ccllll}
amount&\%\\
\textendash\textendash\textendash\textendash\textendash\textendash&\textendash\textendash\textendash\textendash\textendash\textendash\\
x&100\\
24&100-20
\end{array}\implies \cfrac{x}{24}=\cfrac{100}{100-20}[/tex]
solve for "x"