A budget can help a person with their financial problems by helping them organize their income and expenses to see how much they are saving, spending, and earning.
The national budget is how a country (I.e. the US) determines how it is using. Every year, Congress and a special group of people get together to determine what the US's money will be spent on. On the other hand, a personal budget usually involves a much smaller amount of money and is usually handled by one person (either the person who owns the money or someone hired by that person). A personal budget is used on a smaller scale to help a person understand what they are spending money on and how they are doing financially.
Hope this helps! :)