Part A: (3 marks) Ana consumes two goods, X and Y. Her utility function is defined as U (x, y) = x + y, where x denotes the amount of Good X consumed and y denotes the amount of Good Y consumed. This implies that the two goods are perfect substitutes and each additional unit of Good X yields Ana the same additional utility as each additional unit of Good Y. It also implies that the absolute slope of her indifference curves is equal to one. Ana has $1000 at her disposal to spend on the two goods. Initially, Good X cost $20 per unit while Good Y cost $10 per unit. But due to supply disruptions, the price of Good X has recently increased from $20 per unit to $25 per unit. (i) How much of Goods X and Y does Ana consume before the increase in the price of Good X? You should briefly explain the steps you take to arrive at your answer. (1 mark) (ii) How much additional money must the government give Ana for her to receive the same utility as she was receiving before the increase in the price of Good X? You should briefly explain the steps you take to arrive at your answer. (2 marks) Page -2- of 6 ECON 201 Microeconomics
