Civil disobedience is the deliberate and open defiance of a government's demands, commands, or directives by a citizen (or any other authority).
Some definitions require that civil disobedience be peaceful in order to be considered such. As a result, civil disobedience and peaceful resistance or demonstrations are sometimes used interchangeably. The term "civil disobedience" was made prominent in the US by Henry David Thoreau's essay Resistance to Civil Government, despite the fact that the concept itself had been practiced for far longer. Leaders like Susan B. Anthony of the late 1800s American women's suffrage campaign and Saad Zaghloul of the 1919 Egyptian Revolution against British Occupation.
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