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The total biomass of a given ecosystem typically remains nearly constant at first and then increases rapidly at higher levels of nitrogen input. This is because the additional nitrogen input increases the availability of nutrients for the organisms in the ecosystem, which allows them to grow and reproduce more quickly. This leads to higher levels of biomass as the ecosystem's productivity increases.
Nitrogen input is a key factor in determining the productivity of an ecosystem. Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and is often the limiting nutrient in terrestrial ecosystems. As nitrogen input increases, the amount of available nitrogen increases, which can be used by plants to fuel growth. At first, the amount of available nitrogen remains nearly constant, as the ecosystem has not yet adapted to take advantage of the additional nitrogen.
However, at higher levels of nitrogen input, the ecosystem begins to adapt to the increased amount of nitrogen. Plants become more efficient at utilizing nitrogen, and the amount of nitrogen available in the ecosystem increases rapidly. This is because more of the nitrogen is taken up by plants, rather than being lost through leaching or volatilization. As a result, the amount of available nitrogen increases, allowing for more plant growth and productivity.
The rapid increase in nitrogen availability at higher levels of nitrogen input can have a significant impact on the ecosystem. Increased plant productivity can lead to changes in species composition, as certain species may be better adapted to take advantage of the increased nitrogen availability. It can also lead to an increase in nutrient cycling, as the increased nitrogen input can stimulate the growth of microorganisms that break down organic matter into usable nutrients.
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