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Both factions desired to usurp their king's unchecked authority. Both factions urged the monarchy to enact measures to ease food shortages.

A monarchy is a form of government in which the head of state is appointed for life or until they abdicate. The monarch's political legitimacy and power over the executive, legislative, and judicial institutions of government can range from restricted and largely symbolic (constitutional monarchies) to totally autocratic (absolute monarchies). Many times, the succession of rulers has been hereditary, frequently resulting in dynastic eras. However, self-declared monarchs and elective monarchies have both occurred. Although they are not a necessary component of monarchies, aristocrats frequently serve as the pool from which the king is selected and as the members of the institutions that make up the monarchy (such as the diet and court), providing many monarchs oligarchic characteristics. The titles of emperor, empress, king, queen, raja, khan, tsar, sultan, shah, or pharaoh are only a few examples of monarchs. Through personal relationship with the monarch, monarchs can create federations, personal unions, and realms with vassals, which is a typical explanation for why kings hold many titles.

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