A g-protein receptor with gtp bound to it is in its active state.directly affects gene expression is in its active state will use cgmp as a second messenger signals a protein to maintain its shape and conformation.
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also called seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors, as well as G protein-linked receptors (GPLR), are a large family of evolutionarily related proteins that are cell surface receptors that recognise molecules outside the cell and trigger cellular responses. They are known as seven-transmembrane receptors even though they couple with G proteins and traverse the cell membrane seven times. Ligands can bind to the binding site between transmembrane helices or to the extracellular N-terminus or loops (such as glutamate receptors) (Rhodopsin-like family). However a sudden auto-activation of such an empty receptor may also be seen, they are always agonist-activated.
Only eukaryotes, notably yeast, choanoflagellates, and mammals, have G protein-coupled receptors.
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