When an organism has mastered discrimination, it dependably exhibits an Operant behavior when one controlling stimulus is present but not when another is present.
An organism that has acquired generalization, on the other hand, will exhibit an Operant behavior in the presence of stimuli other than the initial regulating stimulus.
Operant behavior is defined as having two characteristics: (1) it is freely emitted by the animal, meaning there is no clear trigger. (2) It can be made to increase or decrease in frequency by the consequences acting as either reinforcement or punishment, respectively.
Operant conditioning, also referred to as "instrumental learning," is the process of changing behavior through rewards and penalties.
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