Question

Use the passage below to answer all parts of the question that follows.
"Having questioned Sidotti,* I understand that Christians teach that their God produced heaven and
earth and make him out to be the Great Lord and Father. This God of theirs, they say, cannot be served without
giving him all of one’s love and all of one’s reverence. What these Christians are in effect saying is this: I have a
[real] father, but I do not love him because I reserve all my love for God; I have a [real] lord, but I don’t revere him
because I reserve all my reverence for God. Now this is what we call being impious and disloyal! According to the
Book of Rites, it is the emperor, the Son of Heaven, who should be worshiping God, the Lord of Heaven. It is
not a duty that is given to ordinary people. And that is in order to prevent the blurring of the line between the
exalted and the base. Thus, the sovereign is Heaven to the subjects just as the father is Heaven to the child."
(A) Describe ONE way in which Hakuseki’s argument was influenced by long-standing Asian
cultural traditions.
(B) Explain ONE way in which the religious encounter referred to in the passage differed from most
other religious encounters in the period circa 1450–1750.
(C) Explain ONE historical situation in the period 1450–1750, other than the one illustrated in the
passage, in which states in Asia or Africa adopted policies to limit European political power or
cultural influence.

Answer 1

One significant distinction between the circumstances of the religious encounter in eighteenth-century Japan and other religious encounters in the period of 1450–1750 is that religious.

Interactions during this time more frequently resulted in the development of syncretic religious systems like Vodou or Santera than the outright adoption of new religions. Large-scale population changes were brought about by the spread of disease, agriculture, and animals between the hemispheres. This eventually paved the way for the emergence of contemporary religious  states and cultures in the Americas when immigrants poured into the New World and the native populations shrank. The cooperation between the Mughals and the British depicted in the artwork changed into resistance, which was an important way in which the relationship between Great Britain and India changed in the nineteenth century. In contrast to the state's attempts to control the accumulation of money through administrative processes or state-sponsored hierarchies, religious reactions to wealth accumulation urged the rejection of wealth in order to find salvation or foster harmony.  In contrast to the religious attempts to control the accumulation of money through administrative processes or Britain -sponsored hierarchies, religious reactions to wealth accumulation urged the rejection of wealth in order to find salvation or foster harmony.

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