The standard deviation gives information about how values are distributed around the mean. The range between the lowest and highest number is more constrained when the standard deviation is low. Values will so tend to group together around the mean.
What is explained by the standard deviation?
The term "standard deviation" (or "") refers to the degree of dispersion of the data from the mean. Data are grouped around the mean when the standard deviation is low, and are more dispersed when the standard deviation is high.
When comparing data sets that may have the same mean but a different range, it is helpful. The mean of the following two numbers, for instance, is the same: 15, 15, 15, 14, 16 and 2, 7, 14, 22, 30.
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