The concentration of protons (H+) increases if oligomycin, an inhibitor of ATP synthase, is added to mitochondria suspended in a buffered medium.
The Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis are the three primary phases of cellular respiration.
In the cytoplasm, glycolysis produces pyruvate. For every molecule of glucose produced during this process (glycolysis), two molecules of pyruvate are produced.
Additionally, during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, Nicotinamide Adenine Diphosphate (NADH) is created in its reduced form.
The electron transport chain consumes NADH during oxidative phosphorylation. By pumping protons (H+) across from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane gap, NADH is employed to establish an electrochemical gradient.
An ATP synthase uses this electrochemical proton gradient later on to create ATP. In conclusion, oligomycin DOES NOT CHANGE the concentration of pyruvate or NADH, but it DOES INCREASE the concentration of protons (H+) in the mitochondria.
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