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In the Operating System, once the virtual address that produced the Page Fault is determined, it verifies that the address is genuine and makes sure there are no issues with protection or access.
The system checks to verify if a page frame is free if the virtual address is legitimate. The page replacement algorithm is used to remove a page if there are no empty frames.
Every file and directory has information called file attributes that contain additional details about the file or its contents. Like an On or Off state, they can only be in one of two states: Set or Cleared. Files, folders, volumes, and specific system objects can include attributes.
Various operations that can be performed on Files are Creating, Writing, Reading, Repositioning, Deleting and Truncating.The actions that can be taken on directories include searching, creating, deleting, listing, renaming, link and unlink.
Some operations are different for files and directories because of the way information are stored in them. The management of data on the disc is the responsibility of the file system. Files contain information, which are kept in directories (folders). A directory tree is created when directories store additional directories. The root directory of the entire filesystem is just /.
Access to each element must be made sequentially, starting at the beginning and going through each one one at a time. Any element may be directly accessed by using its index number or address to find it. There is direct access with arrays. CDs had direct access in the tree structured directories.
In a tree-structured directory, a directory's subdirectories or files may exist. Directories can be added or removed using specific system calls.
Sharing of directories or files is not permitted in a tree structure. Directories can exchange files and subdirectories on an acyclic graph, which lacks cycles.
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