The fish population contains individuals with effective predation evasive traits and eventual changes to the dam to prevent fish from moving downstream is the most likely scenario to lead to speciation (Option A).
Speciation refers to an evolutionary process in which individuals of a population diverge by the restriction of the gene flow among them and therefore they emerge as new species that are not able to produce interfertile individuals when they are crossed.
Speciation is a type of evolution associated with the appearance of reproductive isolation barriers between individuals of a given population.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that speciation may lead to the generation of new species from individuals of a population due to the emergence of reproductive isolation barriers and restriction of gene flow.
Complete question:
A dam is built that separates a river into two sections—a deep upstream section and a shallow downstream section. When the dam is first built, a fish species is able to move from the upstream section into the downstream section, but not vice versa. Predators can more easily catch the fish in the shallow downstream section than they can in the deep upstream section. Which scenario is most likely to lead to speciation?
A. The fish population contains individuals with effective predation evasive traits and eventual changes to the dam prevent fish from moving downstream.
B. The fish completely lack any effective predation evasive traits across the entire population, move infrequently from upstream to downstream locations, and reproduce with low frequency.
C. The fish reproduce with high frequency, move with high frequency from upstream to downstream locations, and have a robust set of predation evasive traits across the entire population.
D. The rate of upstream fish entering the downstream section decreases over time without being completely shut off, and many of these fish carry predation evasive traits.
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