The professor who cares only about student grades and isn't concerned with his students' personal well-being or morale is demonstrating instrumental leadership. So, option (b) is the relevant option.
A person, group, or organization's capacity to "lead," persuade, or guide others includes both the leadership research area and the actual leadership talent. "Leadership" is frequently portrayed as a divisive concept. In specialized literature, many perspectives on the subject are discussed, sometimes contrasting Eastern and Western approaches to leadership as well as North American and European approaches.
In American academic institutions, the definition of leadership is "a process of social influence in which a person can enlist the cooperation and support of others in the fulfillment of a common and ethical task." In essence, leadership can be described as a powerful relationship in which the influence of one party (the "leader") encourages others to move or change (the "followers"). Those who support the complex nature of leadership, which can be found at all levels of institutions in both formal and informal roles, have challenged the more traditional managerial views of leadership, which portray it as something one person possesses or owns because of their position or authority.
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