Respuesta :
The Fourth Amendment's standard of probable cause must often be satisfied before police can make an arrest, carry out a search, or obtain a warrant.
The Bill of Rights is comprised of the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution. It outlaws arbitrary searches and seizures. Additionally, it establishes requirements for the issuance of warrants, including that they be issued by a judge or magistrate, supported by proof of probable cause and an oath or affirmation, and that they specifically state the location that will be searched as well as the people or things that will be seized. Three key topics are covered by Fourth Amendment case law: what defines "searches" and "seizures" by the government, what justifies such searches and seizures, and how to handle Fourth Amendment rights violations. Early court rulings restricted the amendment's application to physical invasions of property or people, but in Katz v. United States (1967), the Supreme Court ruled that its protections also cover invasions of people's privacy. The majority of searches and seizures require a warrant; however, the Court has established a number of exceptions for consent searches, motor vehicle searches, evidence that is obvious, urgent circumstances, border searches, and other scenarios.
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