The stability of the DNA double helix is primarily determined by two factors: base pairing between complementary strands and stacking between neighboring nucleotides.
Van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds between complementary organic bases (a base pair), and hydrophobic interactions between nitrogenous bases and the surrounding sheath of water all help to keep the DNA helix shape stable.
The following are the key characteristics of DNA's double helix structure: A double stranded DNA has two polynucleotide chains. Sugar phosphate makes up the backbone. The two strands have anti-parallel polarity, which implies that one chain has polarity 5'-3' while the other has polarity 3'-5'.
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