In the presence of penicillin, cells die due because it undergoes lysis.
Penicillin is a group of antibiotics characterized by the presence of a β-lactam ring and is produced by some fungi (eukaryotes) to treat bacterial infections.
Penicillin inhibits cell wall formation by preventing the incorporation of acetylmuramic acid, which is formed in cells, and normally gives the bacterial cell wall a rigid shape. Without a cell wall, bacterial cells are vulnerable to outside water and molecular pressure, which causes the cell to die quickly.
The type of cell wall destroyed by penicillin interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan (PG), which is the main ingredient in bacterial cell walls.
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