The device which is necessary to connect the analog telephone to the VoIP server is d. ATA
ATA is an abbreviation for analog telephone adapter which is used to connect a standard telephone to a network or computer so that the user can make calls over the Internet.
Analog telephone adapters create a physical connection between a phone and a network device or computer; some ATA perform analog-to-digital conversion and connect directly to a VoIP server, while some ATA uses software for either or both of these tasks.
The simplest type of ATA consists of one or more RJ-11 jacks to plug a telephone into and a USB connector that plugs into the user's laptop, computer, or handheld device. This ATA often works in conjunction with some type of software (generally a softphone program). The software serves as an intermediary between the VoIP server and a telephone, digitizing voice data so that it can be transmitted over the Internet.
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