Preganglionic sympathetic fibers typically synapse with sympathetic chain ganglia unless they pass through, forming spanchnic nerves that instead enter collateral ganglia.
Postganglionic sympathetic fibers are carried to the arteries, smooth muscles, and glands of the pelvic viscera after preganglionic sympathetic fibers synapse in the aortic plexus. The splanchnic nerves, which innervate the stomach, are produced by the sympathetic thoracic trunk. In splanchnic surgery, where they are most frequently employed, the splanchnic nerves are denervated to lessen intense visceral agony.
The medial branches of the 5th to 9th thoracic sympathetic ganglia make up each greater splanchnic nerve. The descending aorta, which runs parallel to the front of the spine, is formed when it separates.
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