d.) It has been demonstrated using ethnographic data that in a variety of different kinds of environments a group of hunter-gatherers of about 25 people contains about 7 active hunters and this number is sufficient to ensure that someone comes home with game each day;
Increasing the number of hunters beyond 7 increases the amount of food needed for the group but does not appreciably increase the chance that some hunter will come home with game; thus we argue that prehistoric hunter-gatherers also lived in groups of about 25 people.
This example of reasoning uses uniformitarian principles, which state that processes that occurred in the past can be explained by the same natural laws and principles that operate in the present.
The example uses data from a variety of different environments to make an argument about the size of prehistoric hunter-gatherer groups, and does not rely solely on analogy to make its case.
Learn more about principle of uniformitarianism:
https://brainly.com/question/618620
#SPJ4