The extra energy is stored as fat when it is regularly consumed in excess of what the body requires in kilojoules. One kilogram of body fat can develop over the course of a year by eating as little as 100kJ per day more (or burning 100kJ fewer through exercise).
Your body uses some of the calories you eat for energy when you eat. Fat is kept for later use in place of the remainder. You may become overweight or obese if you take in more calories than you expend. This raises your risk of developing cancer and other long-term health issues.
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