The magnetic suspension (EMS) system uses the magnetic attraction between magnets on the guideway and the sides and bottom of the train to levitate the train.
The train is kept about 1.3 cm (0.5 inch) above the guideway thanks to magnets on the underside of the vehicle's attraction to the iron rails of the guideway. While electrodynamic suspension (EDS) systems and magnetic suspension electromagnetic suspension (EMS) systems are comparable in a number of ways, EDS uses magnets to reject trains from the guideway rather than to attract them. Since they are supercooled and superconducting, these magnets can still conduct electricity for a guideway brief period of time after the power has been turned off. Transrapid, a variation on EMS, uses an electromagnet to lift the train off the guideway.
A further difference between EMS and EDS is that the charge of the magnetic suspension magnetized coils of the guideway in EDS systems repels the charge of the magnets on the train's undercarriage, causing guideway the train to levitate higher (usually between 1 and 10 cm [0.4 and 3.9 inches]) above the guideway.
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