Gap junctions in animal cells function similarly to plasmodesmata in plant cells in that they are channels between nearby cells that facilitate the passage of ions, water, and other substances. However, gap junctions and plasmodesmata are structurally distinct.
Cell junctions are required for communication with the cell's outside area. Cell junctions are classified into numerous types, including tight junctions, gap junctions, and desmosomes.
A tight junction is the junction that prevents fluid leakage between epithelial cells. Claudins and occludins are two proteins discovered that aid in the tightening of the cell-cell border.
These connections are present in epithelial cells in the skin and cavities. This sort of junction also governs water transport in epithelial cells. It serves as a physical barrier and aids in the regulation of cell polarity.
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