Question

An observer has pointed both eyes directly at an object so that the retinal image of the object falls on the fovea of each eye. This fixation point:a. determines the horopter.b. falls on either side of the horopter.c. will always be closer than the horopter.d. does not determine the horopterAnswer: determines the horopter.

Answer 1

This fixation point option (d) Determines the horopter.

The horopter was initially defined in geometric terms as the locus of points in space that make the same angle at each eye with the fixation point, but it is now taken to be the locus of points in space that have the same disparity as fixation in studies of binocular vision.

Theoretically, they are the places in space that project on corresponding spots in the two retinas, i.e. on physically identical points. The horopter can be empirically measured and characterized using certain criterion.

The concept of horopter can then be expanded to include a geometrical locus of points in space that satisfy a specific condition:

• The binocular horopter represents the location of iso-disparity points in space
• while the oculomotor horopter represents the location of iso-vergence points in space.

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