Question

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Answer the following essay question:
Describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their location, secretions and purposes.
Parietal cells and chief cells are located in the stomach. Inactive pepsinogen is secreted by chief cells and converted into active enzyme pepsin by hydrochloric acid (HCL). HCL is secreted by parietal cells which help pepsinogen to turn into pepsin to help the break down of proteins.

Answer 1

Parietal cells are the exocrine cells of the stomach that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl).Chief cells are the other type of exocrine secretory cells in the stomach.

The stomach's oxyntic and parietal cells are epithelial cells that release hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. The gastric glands that line the fundus and body parts of the stomach contain these cells. They are equipped with a large secretory network of canaliculi, from which HCl is actively transported into the stomach. The steepest[citation needed] ion gradient created in the human body, the hydrogen potassium ATPase (H+/K+ ATPase) enzyme transports the H+ against a concentration gradient of around 3 million to 1,[citation needed], and is only present in parietal cells. Histamine, acetylcholine, and gastrin signaling from both central and local modulators are the main mechanisms by which parietal cells are controlled.

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