To make the leaving group and the nucleophile anti-periplanar to one another, the carbon-carbon bond is rotated. The epoxide is created by intramolecular SN2.
The study of a molecule's three-dimensional structure is known as stereochemistry. The sole structural difference between the cis and trans isomers, which are types of stereoisomers, is where the atoms of the molecule are situated in three dimensions. These stereoisomers may differ in their chemical and physical characteristics.
Stereocenters have a R or S designation: The enantiomers of a chiral substance are referred to by the terms "right hand" and "left hand" in naming.
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