The offspring of sexually reproducing organisms has genes from both parents, in unique combinations.
What is genetic material?
The hereditary substance in the cell is the genetic material. Genetic material carries all information that is specific to an organism.
Genetic material is also known as DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid).
DNA is found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes like bacteria. DNA is found in the nucleus of the cell and sometimes in extranuclear sites like mitochondria (containing mtDNA) and chloroplast (containing cpDNA) in eukaryotes such as plants and animals.
Genetic material is responsible for controlling the organism’s composition. In the somatic cells of a multicellular organism, it is also identical.
The genetic information is passed from parent to offspring during reproduction. In sexual reproduction, the offspring gets the genetic material from both its parents.
Therefore, the offspring of sexually reproducing organisms has genes from both parents, in unique combinations.
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