We can vertically stretch a function by 3.
We can also stretch and shrink the graph of a function. To stretch or shrink the graph in the y direction, multiply or divide the output by a constant.
To stretch or shrink the graph in the x direction, divide or multiply the input by a constant.
If g(x) = 3f (x): For any given input, the output iof g is three times the output of f, so the graph is stretched vertically by a factor of 3. If g(x) = f (3x): For any given output, the input of g is one-third the input of f, so the graph is shrunk horizontally by a factor of 3.
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