62) All of the following pertain to nitrogenous bases EXCEPT A. form pairs by hydrogen bonding B. guanine pairs with uracil .C. adenine pairs with thymine. D. cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines. E allows variation from one nucleotide to another which creates the encoded information E. sulfhydryl 63) Base pairs in DNA are held together by bonds. A. peptide B. nonpolar covalent C. polar covalent D. hydrogen 64) The duplication of a cell's DNA is called A mitosis B. replication. Ctranscription. D. translation E. mutation 65) DNA polymerase, A. is needed for adding nucleotides during mRNA synthesis B. synthesizes new DNA only in the 5' to 3' direction. C cannot add nucleotides to the lagging strand. D. synthesizes an RNA primer. 66) The three-base sequence on mRNA that codes for an amino acid is called a/n A nucleon B. exon. C. anticodon. D. intron. E. triplet codon 67. Each nucleotide is composed of A. one phosphate, one nitrogenous base, and one sugar. B. one phosphate, one nitrogenous base, and two sugars C. two phosphates, one nitrogenous base, and one sugar. D. two phosphates, one nitrogenous base, and two sugars E. one phosphate, two nitrogenous bases, and one sugar. 68. Groups of three consecutive bases along the DNA of a gene have the code for one A. carbohydrate B. nucleotide C. amino acid D. purine Chapter 8: Gene Transfer 69. When genes are passed on from parent to offspring, which of the following events has taken place? A) horizontal gene transfer B) transduction C) vertical gene transfer D) retrograde gene transfer 70. Bacterial conjugation is an example of, A) transduction B) vertical gene transfer D) bacterial transformation C) horizontal gene transfer 71. In horizontal gene transfer, A) genes are passed between bacteria of different generations B) genes are passed from mother cells to daughter cells C) genes are passed between bacteria of the same generation D) none of the above b) refers to the increase in the frequency of cell division c) in a single generation time leads to double the cell size d) in a single generation time leads to double the number of microbes. 53) A culture that contains only a single species of organism is known as a a) pure culture b) Koch culture c) mixed culture d) contaminated culture 54) The streak plate method produces pure cultures by separating individual bacterial cells from one another by a) dragging them across a solid surface b) dispersing them in liquid media c) killing off those cells that are not able to survive in hot agar d) embedding some cells in the agar so that they are exposed to lower concentrations of oxygen 55) Newly inoculated cultures must be encourage growth. a) Incubated at a specific temperature and time to b) streaked c) spread d) poured 56) __techniques must be strictly adhered to prevent the accidental contamination of stock cultures. a) Germination b) Selective c) Differential d) Aseptic Chapter 7: Microbial Genetics 57) The is all of the genetic material of a cell. A. chromosome B. plasmid C. genome D. phenome E. proteome 58) The expression of genetic traits like the color of the hair is referred to as the organism's, A. genome. B. genotype. C. proteome. D. phenotype E. proteotype 59) The DNA of an organism is made up of subunits called A. histones. B. amino acids. C. nucleotides. D. mRNA. E. polymerases. 60) Which is INCORRECT about purines? A. only found in DNA, not in RNA B. are nitrogenous bases C. always paired with a specific pyrimidine D. include adenine and guanine E. found within nucleotides 61) The antiparallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to Aeach base bonding at the 1' position of the sugar. B. a purine always bonding to a pyrimidine. C. one helix strand that runs from the 5' to 3' direction and the other strand runs from the 3 to 5' direction. D. an original parent DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand comprising a new DNA molecule.
