a woman has just given birth to a healthy term newborn. upon assessing the umbilical cord, the nurse would identify what findings as normal? select all that apply.

A one-minute examination of the placenta performed in the delivery room provides information that may be important to the care of both mother and infant. The findings of this assessment should be documented in the delivery records.

During the examination, the size, shape, consistency, and completeness of the placenta should be determined, and the presence of accessory lobes, placental infarcts, hemorrhage, tumors, and nodules should be noted.

The umbilical cord should be assessed for length, insertion, number of vessels, thromboses, knots, and the presence of Wharton's jelly. The color, luster, and odor of the fetal membranes should be evaluated, and the membranes should be examined for the presence of large (velamentous) vessels.

Tissue may be retained because of the abnormal location of the placenta or because of placenta accreta, placenta increta, or placenta percreta. Numerous common and uncommon findings of the placenta, umbilical cord, and membranes are associated with abnormal fetal development and perinatal morbidity. The placenta should be submitted for pathologic evaluation if an abnormality is detected or certain indications are present.

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