Robert Merton's fundamental worry was that societies, including the United States, do not provide the means to realize cultural aspirations.
The traditional theories of crime and criminology, such as Merton's strain theory, place an emphasis on people and their choices, with such choices being based on the advantages or disadvantages of various options. This contrasts with biological/biosocial theories, which hold that specific elements, usually those associated to childhood, alter a person's propensity for certain things, in turn influencing their behavior or reactions. The fundamental tenet of strain theory is that pro-sociality and good nature are traits that all humans possess. Only when society fails them do people behave differently or less pro-socially.
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