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During the newborn's assessment, asymmetrical movement finding would lead the nurse to suspect that a large-for-gestational-age newborn has experienced birth trauma.
A birth injury is typically characterized by asymmetrical movement. Temperature instability, seizures, and feeble sucking suggest hypoglycemia.
Birth injuries are injuries that occur during the birth process, usually when the baby is passing through the birth canal.
Causes of Birth Injury
During the birth process, almost every part of the baby's body can be injured. The birth canal through which the baby passes is formed by the mother's pelvic bones.
Under normal circumstances, the baby has enough space to pass along the birth canal. However, if the birth canal is narrow or if the fetus is large (for example in a fetus from a mother with diabetes), then there may be difficulty when the baby passes through the birth canal and injury may occur. In addition, birth injuries are also possible if the fetus is in an abnormal position in the uterus before birth.
Symptoms of Birth Injury
Most birth canal injuries are mild and can get better quickly. The most common injuries are bruises. However, many other injuries can occur during labour, including:
- Head and brain injuries
Most babies are born head first, where the head is put under a lot of pressure during labour. Bruising and swelling of a baby's scalp is common, but it's not serious and should heal within a few days. Severe head or brain injuries are less common.
Cephahematoma, which is an accumulation of blood under the thick lining of one of the skull bones. But this condition will disappear within a few weeks or months without therapy.
Fractures (breaks) in the skull (very rare) or bleeding in the brain due to burst blood vessels in the head. Bleeding that occurs between the outer and inner layers of the brain (subdural hemorrhage) can put pressure on the brain. Therefore, subdural bleeding needs to be treated surgically.
- Bone Injury
In rare cases, bones can break (fracture) during a difficult birth. The most frequently broken bone is the collarbone (clavicle). In addition, fractures of the arm bones or femur can also occur.
Newborns with broken bones should be kept as still as possible, by splinting or by applying a cast. Broken bones almost always heal completely and quickly.
- Injury to Skin and Soft Tissue
A newborn's skin may show minor injuries after birth, especially in areas that are subjected to pressure during contractions or the first time they emerge from the birth canal.
Bruising and swelling may appear around the eyes and face in facial presentation (where the face comes out first). Bruising and swelling of the scrotum or labia can occur in a breech delivery. However, no therapy is needed to overcome this condition.
Learn more about birth injury at https://brainly.com/question/10467457.
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