Reaction yields are amount of the reactant and the products of a chemical reaction. In the reaction between the iron and oxygen, iron is the excess agent.
Now what is excess reactant? It is the reactant present in an extra quantity than the other reactant in a chemical reaction which reacts with the limiting reactant is called as an excess reactant.
In any reaction mixture, the excess reactant is present even when the limiting agent is completely consumed in reaction.
The chemical reaction between the iron and oxygen is shown as,
4Fe + 3O₂(g) → 2 Fe₂O₃
From the above reaction, it can be said that oxygen is the limiting reagent that limits the formation of iron (iii) oxide. Therefore, the iron is an excess reactant.
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