1:1 is the ratio of the gravitational force that earth exerts on the sun in the winter and the force that it exerts in the summer because it is independent of temperature.
F=GMm/R²
Any action that aims to maintain, alter, or deform a body's motion is considered a force in mechanics. In his Principia Mathematica, Isaac Newton frequently used his three laws of motion to demonstrate the concept of force (1687).
According to Newton's first law, a body will remain in either its resting or equally moving condition along a straight path in the absence of an external force. The second law states that when an external force acts on a body, the body accelerates (changes velocity) in the direction of the force.
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