Question

Not including myself and 1, my factors are 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, and 48. What number am I?

Answer 1

2=2
3=3
4=2*2
6=2*3
8=2*2*2
12=2*2*3
16=2*2*2*2
24=2*2*2*3
32=2*2*2*2*2
48=2*2*2*2*3

This is called the prime factors of these numbers. As you can see 3 only appears once for a single number. The maximum number of 2s is 5. 
Thus the solution is 2*2*2*2*2*3=96

Answer 2

2=2
3=3
4=2*2
6=2*3
8=2*2*2
12=2*2*3
16=2*2*2*2
24=2*2*2*3
32=2*2*2*2*2
48=2*2*2*2*3