When bacteria are transferred from a nutrient-rich environment to a nutrient-poor environment or begin to produce the phosphoryl group of phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP), and anaerobic regulatory mechanisms are activated.
Anaerobic bacteria are bacteria that grow in an atmosphere of less or no oxygen (O₂). The presence of oxygen causes bacteria to die or inhibit their growth. This matter because in this atmosphere H₂O₂ will be formed which is toxic to bacteria. Bacteria Anaerobes can be divided into 2, namely obligate anaerobes which cannot at all grow in the presence of oxygen, and facultative anaerobes, namely bacteria that can still live in the presence of little oxygen
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