caffeine (c8h10n4o2c8h10n4o2) is a stimulant found in coffee and tea. a solution of caffeine in the solvent chloroform (chcl3chcl3) has a concentration of 0.0480 mm. part a calculate the percentage of caffeine by mass in the solution. express the mass percent to three significant figures.

Caffeine, a CNS stimulant of the methylxanthine class. It works as a cognitive enhancer, increasing alertness and attentional performance. Caffeine acts by blocking the binding of adenosine to the adenosine A₁ receptor, that enhances the release of neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Let's assume the mass of solvent CHCl₃ ([tex]m_{CHCl_{3} }[/tex]) = 1 Kg or 1000g

To calculate the number of moles of caffeine (n):

Molality = [tex]\frac{n_{caffeine} }{m_{chloroform} }[/tex]

[tex]n_{caffeine}[/tex] = molality × [tex]m_{CHCl_{3} }[/tex]

= 0.0500mol/kg × 1 kg

= 0.0500mol

Molar mass of caffeine([tex]M_{caffeine}[/tex]) = 8×12.011 + 10×1.008 + 4×14.007 + 2×16

= 194.196g/mol

Therefore, the mass of caffeine is;

[tex]n_{caffeine}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{m_{caffeine} }{M_{caffeine} }[/tex]

[tex]m_{caffeine}[/tex] = 0.0500 × 194.196

= 9.71g

Hence, the total mass of solution is: 1000 + 9.71 = g

Mass percentage of caffeine = [tex]\frac{9.71}{1009.71}[/tex] × 100 = 0.96%

Mass percentage of chloroform = [tex]\frac{1000}{1009.71}[/tex] × 100 = 99.03%

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