Eutrophication occurs from _____ of nutrients, which can lead to _____ of plants and algae in aquatic ecosystems

Eutrophication
This process consists of the enrichment of nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, in an aquatic ecosystem. This polluting phenomenon when the water of an aquatic ecosystem receives a discharge of waste that favors the excessive growth of organic matter and causes a rapid growth of algae and other green plants that cover the surface of the water.
Therefore, the correct option for this statement is the second one:
an abundance, overgrowth.