the increment in the number of shells is 9
the original number of shells is 40
the percent change is computed as follows:
[tex]\frac{\text{ increment}}{\text{ original}}\cdot100[/tex]Substituting:
[tex]\begin{gathered} \text{ percent change=}\frac{9}{40}\cdot100 \\ \text{ percent change=}22.5\text{ \%} \end{gathered}[/tex]