There are 11 questions, and for each one there are 3 possible answers.
So, for question 1 you can answer in 3 ways, for q2 in 3 ways,.... for q11 in 3 ways, and you have:
[tex]\begin{gathered} 3\cdot3\cdot3\ldots\cdot3(\text{eleven times)}=3^{11}\text{ = }177,147\text{ ways} \\ \end{gathered}[/tex]