We are given the parent function
[tex]f(x)=x[/tex]To apply a vertical stretch, what we do is multiply f by a scale factor. When the factor is less than 1, it is a vertical compression, and when it is a stretch, the factor is greater than 1.
Since we are told that it is a vertical stretch by a factor of 5, we simply multiply f by 5. So we have that
[tex]5\cdot f(x)=5\cdot x=g(x)[/tex]So option C would be correct.