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Li(g)→Li+(g)+e− is the reaction that corresponds to the first ionization energy of lithium, li.
Any process in physics and chemistry whereby electrically neutral atoms or molecules are changed into electrically charged atoms or molecules (ions) by gaining or losing electrons is known as ionisation. Ionization is the process of removing charge—typically electrons—from neutral atoms in order to form positive ions, or conversely, deposition of additional charge in order to make negative ions. The most basic instances of ionisation take place in gases as a result of high voltage breakdown, such as lightning or exposure to UV or ionising radiation. The amount of energy needed to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule is known as ionisation energy, also known as ionisation potential, in chemistry and physics. An anion is created when an atom or molecule picks up an electron; a cation is created when they lose an electron (a cation).
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