The first corrective action made by the DNA repair system is, the wrong nucleotide is excised by the replication complex.
The method for replacing damaged bases is nucleotide excision repair. Damages that distort the DNA double helix are identified and corrected with nucleotide excision repair.
This pathway, for instance, detects bases that have been altered by bulky chemical groups, such as those that attach to DNA when it is exposed to chemicals in cigarette smoke.
Additionally, nucleotide excision repair is utilized to repair certain UV-induced damages, such as sunburns light can cause the bases cytosine and thymine to react with neighboring bases that are also Cs or Ts.
The forming bonds that cause DNA replication errors and distort the double helix thymine dimer, the most common type of linkage, is made up of two thymine bases that react with one another to form a chemical link.
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