suppose you have that block hanging from the ceiling by a rope. As you can see, two forces act on the block, the tension force T and the weight W. let's assume that the tension is 10 Newton. So, using the second law of newton:
[tex]\begin{gathered} \Sigma F=ma \\ W-T=ma \end{gathered}[/tex]the system is static, there is no acceleration, therefore:
[tex]\begin{gathered} W-T=m(0) \\ W-T=0 \end{gathered}[/tex]the weight is equal to the product of the mass and the gravitational constant:
[tex]\begin{gathered} W=mg \\ \text{where:} \\ g\approx9.8 \\ so\colon \\ 9.8m-10=0 \\ \text{solve for m:} \\ m=\frac{10}{9.8} \\ m=1.02\operatorname{kg} \end{gathered}[/tex]