The sickle-cell allele most likely developed close to Kinshasa (in Congo).
Since the mutation was first discovered there, heterozygous persons who had it had a higher probability of surviving. These people lived, reproduced more successfully, and via migration disseminated the mutation both inside and outside of that specific community.
At a certain genomic region, an allele is one of two or more variations of the DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of nucleotides). For each genomic region with such variation, an individual inherits two alleles, one from each parent. The person is homozygous for the allele if the two alleles are the same.
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